As a major public health issue, depression remains a phenomenon whose epidemiological profile is still incomplete. This book is based on a general population survey conducted by INPES using validated international indicators. The survey involved 1,710 people aged 15 to 75 living in metropolitan France. Given the epidemiological challenges of defining a phenomenon such as depression, the authors present the methods and their limitations in detail before exploring the various sociodemographic factors associated with depression, as well as the healthcare utilization resulting from this condition. In addition to the aim of enhancing knowledge regarding prevalence and associated factors, this survey also highlights the general public’s perceptions and attitudes toward depression. The book thus provides an overview of public opinions and perceptions to support the implementation of a more effective public health policy, one that is better understood. Aimed at both healthcare professionals and the general public, this book seeks to offer a snapshot of the reality of depression and its social determinants in France today. The survey questionnaire is presented in its entirety at the end of the book.