The need for a tuberculosis control program arose due to disparities in incidence (both geographic and across population groups) and varying tuberculosis control practices. This program is part of the 2004 Public Health Act, which made tuberculosis control a priority with the goal of "stabilizing tuberculosis incidence by 2008 by strengthening the control strategy for at-risk groups and areas." The tuberculosis control program, launched in July 2007, aims to consolidate the gradual decline in tuberculosis incidence and reduce disparities. This involves, in particular, reaching the most vulnerable populations; ensuring, despite the loss of expertise associated with the decline in incidence, high-quality and appropriate care that enables good treatment adherence; preventing transmission in healthcare settings; and maintaining the low level of multidrug resistance. The six priority areas of the tuberculosis control program are to ensure early diagnosis and appropriate treatment for all cases of active tuberculosis, to improve screening, to optimize the vaccination approach, to maintain antibiotic resistance at a low level, to improve epidemiological surveillance and knowledge of the determinants of tuberculosis, and to improve the management of tuberculosis control efforts. (R.A.)