Streptococcus pyogenes, or group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus (GABHS), is responsible for both localized infections such as sore throats and mild skin infections, as well as severe invasive infections. An increase in macrolide resistance among both invasive and non-invasive strains has been observed in France and other European countries. Data from the National Reference Center (NRC) for Streptococci, corroborated by other studies, have made it possible to detect the gradual emergence of this resistance phenomenon and to characterize its mechanism. Surveillance of GAS resistance responsible for community-acquired infections warrants strengthening in France, both for the most common localized infections and for invasive infections.