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The Epidemiology of Tuberculosis in France in 2013World Tuberculosis Day is observed annually on March 24, marking Robert Koch’s 1882 discovery of the bacillus that causes the disease. In 2013, the World Health Organization estimated that there were 9 million new cases worldwide. The vast majority of these cases are in Asia, but it is in sub-Saharan Africa that the incidence of tuberculosis is highest, exceeding 300 per 105,000 people in some countries.In France, as in other Western European countries, tuberculosis-related morbidity and mortality have declined significantly, and rates are now considered low. In 2013, the number of reported tuberculosis cases was 4,934, including 3,579 cases with pulmonary involvement, representing a rate of 7.5 cases per 100,000 population and 5.4 per 100,000 for pulmonary forms. Compared to 2012, the total number of cases decreased by 0.8%. In our regions, the number of reported cases decreased from 103 to 100 cases in Burgundy and from 62 to 50 cases in Franche-Comté, with rates of 6.1 and 4.2 per 105 inhabitants, respectively.As in previous years, disease reporting rates remain higher in Île-de-France (14.7/105), French Guiana (18.1/105), Mayotte (13.8/105), and among certain population groups such as homeless individuals and those born abroad. People living in group settings accounted for 14% of cases with available information. The reporting rate was 10 times higher among people born abroad compared to those born in France, with the highest rates among people born in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. The persistence of regional and demographic disparities calls for heightened vigilance in the fight against tuberculosis. The mandatory reporting system (DO) remains a key tool for controlling tuberculosis in France, as it enables rapid identification and early, appropriate treatment, aimed at curing the patient and limiting the transmission of the bacillus in the community as well as the development of resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs.