Introduction – VigilanS is a national program designed to re-engage patients hospitalized for attempted suicide (AS), with the aim of reducing the risk of repeat suicide attempts; it was launched in 2020 in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (ARA) region. The primary objective is to assess changes in the six-month suicide recurrence rate in ARA in relation to the opening of VigilanS centers between 2017 and 2021 and to identify factors associated with recurrence. Materials and Methods – A quasi-experimental before-and-after epidemiological study with two intervention groups (VigilanS partner institutions in 2020 and 2021) and a control group was conducted. The data used were extracted from the National Health Data System (SNDS) and include patients hospitalized in MCO (medicine-surgery-obstetrics) facilities for attempted suicide between 2017 and 2021 in the ARA. Trends in the six-month recurrence rate were analyzed using a negative binomial model by comparing the recurrence rate before (S1-2017 to S1-2020) and after (S2-2020, S1-2021) the implementation of VigilanS across the three groups. Factors associated with recurrence were studied using multivariate Cox regression. Results – Among the 30,141 patients hospitalized for suicide attempts in the region over the entire period, 2,847 were rehospitalized for a repeat suicide attempt within six months, representing a recurrence rate of 9.4% (95% confidence interval, 95% CI: [9.1–9.7]). A significant decrease of -40.7% [-59.2; -15.1] in the six-month recurrence rate was observed in the group of VigilanS partner institutions (intervention group) compared to the period prior to VigilanS; this decrease was not observed in the control group. However, an overall downward trend was observed in the region over the study period. Several factors were significantly associated with recurrence: age between 30–39 years (vs. 40–49 years, adjusted relative risk, ARR = 1.15; p = 0.04), living in an urban area (1.10; p = 0.02; reference: rural area) and living in an affluent municipality (1.14; p=0.01). Conclusion – These results are encouraging regarding the potential of VigilanS to prevent suicide recurrence. Analysis of associated factors indicates that it is not necessary to adapt the protocol based on gender, but that it would be beneficial to adapt it based on age.