This article reviews the incidence of injuries resulting in major sequelae among survivors of traffic accidents, the nature of these injuries, and their risk factors. Method: Data from the Rhône Traffic Accident Victims Registry were used, which records victims and their injuries across all emergency and medical care services. A score indicating the expected severity of sequelae is assigned to each injury. This study focuses on major sequelae. The reference population consists of residents of the Rhône department. A multivariate analysis examines the influence of victim characteristics and accident details on the occurrence of sequelae affecting the head, spine, or lower limbs. Results: Overall, the average annual incidence is 81 men per 1,000,000 and 29 women per 1,000,000. Young men are the most affected. More than half of the sequelae are cerebral, while one-third involve the lower limbs and one-sixth involve the spinal cord or nerve roots. Despite the observed decline in traffic-related injuries and resulting mortality over the last two years of the study period, the incidence of injuries expected to result in major sequelae among survivors has not decreased. When considering the circumstances of the accident, the mode of transportation used—with or without protective equipment—is the primary risk factor. A seatbelt-wearing motorist is at the lowest risk for all three body regions. Compared to this baseline, a motorized two-wheeler rider without a helmet has a 12.7 times higher risk of sustaining a brain injury (2.5 times if wearing a helmet). The risk for motorized two-wheeler riders is 5.3 times higher for spinal or nerve root injuries, and 4.9 times higher for lower limb injuries. (R.A.)