Based on the Inserm collective expert report published in 2019, this article summarizes the adapted physical activity programs for therapeutic purposes that should be prescribed as a first-line treatment by primary care physicians. It establishes general guidelines whose implementation must be tailored to each patient’s individual characteristics (e.g., motivation, preferences, attitude toward physical activity) and life context (e.g., family and work responsibilities, socioeconomic status, place of residence) of each patient to ensure the best benefit-to-risk ratio and, consequently, the best chances for regular and sufficient physical activity as a form of tertiary prevention.