In January 2001, a National Nutrition and Health Program (PNNS) was launched in France for a five-year period; it sets nine priority nutritional goals to be achieved by 2005, including increasing average fruit and vegetable consumption, increasing physical activity, and increasing the consumption of calcium-rich foods. The Health and Nutrition Barometer survey, conducted in February 2002, provides an overview of opinions, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding food and nutrition at the start of the PNNS’s implementation. This article presents the initial results of this survey, focusing on several indicators related to the PNNS’s objectives: frequency of consumption of certain foods on the day before the interview or over the past 15 days, and frequency of physical activity.