Introduction - Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are the leading cause of compensated occupational illnesses in France. The objectives of the study were, on the one hand, to estimate the number of MSDs that could be prevented by implementing a theoretical prevention scenario aimed at reducing the number of work-related cases by 10%, and, on the other hand, to estimate the level of reduction in the incidence of all MSD cases equivalent to a 10% reduction in the incidence of work-related cases. Materials and Methods - The data analyzed pertain to two surgical marker events: carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) for upper limb MSDs and disc herniation (DH) for low back pain, based on the epidemiological surveillance network for MSDs in the Pays de la Loire region. Using the attributable risk fraction among exposed individuals (ARFE), a prevention scenario aimed at reducing the number of work-related cases by 10% (IT-10%) was simulated to determine the number of theoretically preventable cases. Results - Among sectors at high risk for MSDs, the AARs attributable to occupational activity by sector ranged from 21% to 57% for SCC and from 30% to 55% for DH. The IT-10% scenario demonstrated its effectiveness in reducing the number of work-related cases only for sectors of activity in which at least half of MSD cases were attributable to occupational activity, although this effectiveness was relatively limited at both the regional and national levels. Discussion-Conclusion - With the exception of high-risk sectors, it would be necessary to implement workplace health promotion initiatives, in addition to measures addressing occupational risks, to reduce the incidence of MSDs.