Background - Lyme disease (LD) is the most common tick-borne disease in France. In 2016, the Ministry of Health launched a national plan to combat tick-borne diseases, which included improving prevention against tick bites. Method - We analyzed the French population’s knowledge of LD and tick bite prevention using data from the 2019 Health Barometer, a telephone survey conducted among a probability sample of individuals aged 18–85 residing in metropolitan France. The data were compared with the results of the 2016 Health Barometer. Results - In 2019, 30% of the population reported having been bitten by a tick at some point in their lives and 6% in the past 12 months. These proportions were 25% and 4%, respectively, in 2016 (p<0.001). In 2019, 25% of the population felt exposed to tick bites, compared to 23% in 2016 (p<0.001). The proportion of people who had heard of Lyme disease increased from 66% in 2016 to 79% in 2019, as did the proportion of people who felt well-informed (from 29% to 41%). A larger proportion of the population reported taking preventive measures against tick bites, and these measures were more commonly practiced by people aged 55 and older, by women, and by people living in high-incidence regions. Conclusion - An increase in knowledge and the use of preventive measures was observed. These results will help target future prevention campaigns toward specific age groups or regions at higher risk. However, barriers to the use of preventive measures would need to be studied to best tailor prevention messages.