The late 2000s were marked by the emergence of a biomedical approach to HIV prevention, and in 2016, French authorities introduced pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Against this backdrop of significant changes, it is essential to track trends in the overall level of HIV protection among men who have sex with men (MSM). The data used for this study are drawn from the 2017, 2019, and 2021 editions of the Rapport au sexe (Eras) survey, a cross-sectional, anonymous, self-administered, and voluntary online survey. The use of various HIV prevention tools (biomedical prevention, condoms) by HIV-negative MSM during their most recent anal intercourse (MRA) with a casual male partner was compared across the three editions. The overall level of protection, including Treatment as Prevention (TasP), PrEP, post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), or condoms, is high and stable between 2017 and 2021, with no significant difference. Although condoms remain the most commonly used protection method, a continuous decline in their use is observed, dropping from 67% in 2017 to 60% in 2019 and 45% in 2021 (adjusted odds ratio: 0.74; 95% confidence interval: [0.72–0.77]; p