In France, virological surveillance, including serotyping, is routinely conducted alongside epidemiological surveillance of new HIV diagnoses. The combination of virological and epidemiological data makes it possible to categorize diagnosed individuals by HIV type, group, and subtype. Between 2003 and 2010, among the 55,158 new HIV-positive cases, HIV-2 accounted for 2% and HIV-1 for 98%. HIV-2 primarily affected individuals infected through heterosexual contact who were born in West Africa. These individuals were diagnosed at a later age and were more often asymptomatic than those infected with HIV-1. Co-infections with HIV-1 and HIV-2 accounted for 0.1% of diagnoses, as did infections with HIV-1 group O. Among HIV-1 diagnoses, the B subtype was predominant (59%). People infected with a non-B virus were younger and more often asymptomatic than those infected with a B virus. The proportion of non-B viruses among people who use drugs has increased over the past two years. (R.A.)