Objective: This 2018 report from the Healthcare-Associated Infections Early Warning and Response System (HAI-EWRS) regarding carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) or glycopeptide-resistant Enterococcus faecium (GRE), and of strains analyzed by the National Reference Center for Antimicrobial Resistance (NRC), aimed to describe the epidemiology of emerging extensively drug-resistant bacteria (eXDR) in France and control measures implemented in hospital settings. Patients and methods: All HAI-EWRS notifications of eXDR received at the national level and all eXDR strains received at the NRC between January 1, 2018, and January 31, 2018, were analyzed. Variables analyzed included the number of cases, number of strains, resistance mechanism, sample type, link to a foreign country, and control measures implemented. Results: In 2018, 1,704 CPE notifications and 315 GRE notifications were reported in France, with an increasing trend since 2012 (sixfold for CPE, threefold for GRE), from 364 and 155 hospitals, respectively (+66% for CPE, +57% for GRE since 2012). eXDR strains were mainly isolated from rectal screening swabs. Notifications involving patients receiving standard precautions were more often associated with outbreaks than notifications involving patients receiving contact precautions upon admission. The NRC received 2,674 CPE strains and 775 GRE strains in 2018 (an 8.3-fold and 2.8-fold increase compared with 2012). Conclusion: The increasing annual number of eXDR notifications and eXDR strains received by the NRC is due to multiple factors but reflects a concerning spread of eXDR in France. The number of infections remains low, but this article shows that existing recommendations are not fully implemented.