Introduction Objectives: The impact of socioeconomic inequalities on vaccination coverage (VC) has been poorly documented in France. We analyzed the association between socioeconomic factors and VC for the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (VC-PCV7), which costs approximately 180 EUR for three doses. Method: A cross-sectional survey of children aged 0–5 years in Paris and the Paris metropolitan area, selected through a two-stage stratified random sampling. Data were collected via face-to-face questionnaires. Coverage rates, confirmed by documentation, for the first dose and the complete primary vaccination series were estimated. Poisson regressions were used to analyze the association between PCV-7 coverage and certain socioeconomic and demographic factors. Results: "One-dose" coverage was 93.7%, and "complete primary vaccination" coverage was 76.7%. The "single-dose" vaccination coverage among children from families with the lowest incomes (1st quartile) was lower than that of families with higher incomes (83.2% versus 97.3%, p = 0.033). A similar result (though not statistically significant) was observed for complete primary vaccination (65.5% versus 87.6%, p = 0.09). Full coverage was lower among children with basic coverage (70.2%) than among children with supplemental coverage through the Universal Supplementary Health Coverage (CMUc) or State Medical Aid (AME) (81.4%) or private or mutual insurance (76.1%), but these differences were not significant. Conclusions: The association between insufficient CV-PCV7 coverage and low income suggests the existence of financial barriers among the poorest families. However, the lack of a significant association with the type of health coverage could also indicate the existence of barriers other than purely financial ones. (R.A.)