As part of the National Hepatitis C Control Program, 30 reference centers (currently 31) have been established across the country; these are hepatology departments located within university hospitals. This document summarizes the results of the first two years (2000–2001) of nationwide hepatitis C surveillance based on the network of these reference centers. The system’s objectives are to identify and monitor over time, among newly diagnosed patients, the distribution of suspected risk factors, the circumstances under which HCV infection was detected, the distribution of different clinical stages, and the distribution of genotypes.