In the Bouches-du-Rhône department, a screening program for childhood lead poisoning was organized for children under the age of 6 living in areas with substandard housing. An experimental program offering pediatric medical-social consultations and home nursing support has expanded the scope of the initiative beyond lead poisoning to identify other health conditions linked to the child’s environment, taking into account families’ living conditions and integrating these efforts into comprehensive healthcare management. However, this program faces significant limitations, starting with a lack of material and human resources.