Travel patterns and travelers’ vulnerability are changing: an increasing number of trips, travel at both ends of the age spectrum, and tourism involving close contact with local populations. What is the epidemiological profile of imported cholera cases in metropolitan France? A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on all confirmed cases of imported cholera in mainland France reported between January 1, 1973, and December 31, 2005, using mandatory reporting forms and records archived at the National Reference Center for Vibrio and Cholera. A total of 129 imported cholera cases were reported between 1973 and 2005 (an average of 3.9 cases per year). The origin of cases has changed over the decades: 94% of patients were infected in the Maghreb (Morocco and Algeria) in the 1980s, but none in 2000. In contrast, Asia and West Africa have gradually emerged and are currently predominant. Despite some incomplete data and possible underreporting, the number of imported cases appears low and declining. The patient profile is shifting toward individuals at the extremes of age, living outside the main immigration hubs, and treated in non-university hospitals. Lessons that may assist clinicians are discussed.