Eastern European countries are particularly affected by the hepatitis C epidemic, due to a highly repressive legal framework governing drug use. Since the mid-2000s, France has seen a significant influx of people who use drugs (PWUD) from these countries (particularly Georgia). In Paris and the Île-de-France region, some harm reduction centers currently have nearly one-third of Russian-speaking IDUs in their active caseload. In this context, Inserm and Santé publique France conducted a study in 2013 on the profiles, practices, and access to care of Russian-speaking drug users in Île-de-France, supported by the National Agency for Research on AIDS and Hepatitis. The results of this survey highlight a particularly high prevalence of hepatitis C (HCV) in this population (nearly 9 out of 10 IDUs carry antibodies indicating exposure to the hepatitis C virus), twice as high as among French speakers. The profiles of these IDUs are characterized by a higher level of education than that of French-speaking IDUs, but more precarious current living conditions than those of French-speaking IDUs, reflecting social decline linked to migration. While drug-use practices differ (injection and opiate use are more widespread), the sharing of injection equipment is not, however, more frequent. All of these epidemiological data point to the need to strengthen access to care and comprehensive support (both health and social) for these particularly vulnerable populations.