Introduction. The French occupational health system is well-developed, but the impact of occupational factors on the population’s health remains poorly understood. Method. The French Institute for Public Health Surveillance, in collaboration with the Occupational Health Inspection Service, utilized a legislative framework to establish a surveillance program for work-related diseases (WRD) reported by a network of occupational physicians who monitor all active employees. Results. The results from the eight regions that participated in the program in 2008 are presented. The reporting rate is 5.7%. Prevalence rates are higher among women than among men, with the exception of hearing disorders. The main conditions are musculoskeletal disorders (men: 2.7%; women: 3.6%) and mental distress (men: 1.1%; women: 2.4%). The highest prevalences of musculoskeletal disorders are observed in the construction sector among men (4.6%) and in manufacturing among women (6.6%). The prevalence of mental distress is highest in the financial sector for both genders (men: 3.5%; women: 4.9%). The prevalence of mental distress is lower among manual workers (men: 0.7%; women: 1.6%) than among managers and professionals (men: 1.7%; women: 3.7%). Conclusion. This program, part of the 2010–2013 Occupational Health Plan, is gradually expanding to cover 15 regions by 2012. These findings on work-related health impairments serve as vital tools for monitoring, decision-making, and information. (R.A.)