Introduction – Despite the effectiveness of treatment for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, several hundred cases of AIDS are still diagnosed each year in France. The objective of this article is to describe new AIDS diagnoses from 2012 to 2023, based on mandatory AIDS reporting. Materials and Methods – The analysis focused on new AIDS diagnoses between 2012 and 2023, reported as of June 30, 2024. Results – The estimated number of AIDS diagnoses decreased from 2012 (approximately 1,200 cases) through 2020 (approximately 750), then stabilized at around 800 cases per year. Half of those diagnosed were born in France. The proportion of people aged 50 and older increased through 2023, and the proportion of AIDS diagnoses based on multiple initial conditions increased between 2012 and 2021. Over the entire period, 62% of AIDS diagnoses occurred in people who were unaware of their HIV-positive status prior to developing AIDS, and 18% in people who, although aware of their HIV infection, had not received antiretroviral therapy (ART). The proportion of people diagnosed but not treated decreased from 2012 to 2019, then stabilized. The proportion of people unaware of their HIV-positive status increased until 2019 and then decreased from 2019 to 2023. The diagnosed but untreated individuals, who were born abroad, had arrived in France a median of 8 years prior. For three-quarters of them, their first positive serology test had been performed in France. Discussion and Conclusion – These data confirm that the majority of AIDS cases occur among people who were unaware of their HIV status, underscoring the importance of improving screening in the fight against AIDS. However, the observation of a significant proportion of AIDS diagnoses among people who were aware of their HIV-positive status but were not receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) indicates that strengthening the link to care remains necessary for a portion of those newly diagnosed with HIV.