Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among people living with HIV (PLHIV) remains a major public health issue and poses challenges for the combined management of these two infections. The Vespa2 survey (HIV: Survey of People Living with HIV) provides estimates of HCV prevalence among PLHIV receiving hospital care in France in 2011 and helps better characterize the population of co-infected individuals. The results show that in 2011, 16.4% of PLHIV were co-infected with HCV, of whom nearly two-thirds had chronic HCV infection. Among men who have sex with men (MSM), the prevalence of co-infection is 6.4%. It is associated with particularly high-risk sexual practices, such as those that can cause bleeding lesions (fist fucking). Among co-infected PLHIV, 58.2% have already received treatment for HCV, and current or former injection drug users remain an under-treated population. The arrival of new anti-HCV treatments will offer expanded access and greater efficacy compared to previous treatments. MSM must now be included among the target populations for HCV prevention, with “harm reduction” tools that have yet to be implemented. (R.A.)