Introduction: Respiratory cancers are the most common occupational cancers, but very little data is available to quantify occupational exposure to respiratory carcinogens. The objective of this study was to assess the proportion of workers in France exposed to respiratory carcinogens and to identify the occupational groups most at risk, for the purpose of prevention. Method: Using data from the 2009–2010 Sumer survey on worker exposure in France, Santé publique France calculated the proportions of workers exposed to respiratory carcinogens by industry sector and occupational group. The selected respiratory carcinogens are ionizing radiation and 15 respiratory chemical carcinogens, differentiated according to their effect on the bronchopulmonary system or the ENT region. Results: In France, in 2010, approximately 2 million workers (about 1.7 million men and 300,000 women) were exposed to at least one respiratory carcinogen, and 22% of them had at least one dual exposure. While for men, the construction, automotive repair, and transportation and warehousing sectors are predominant and primarily involve chemical agents, for women, exposure is concentrated in the healthcare sector, where ionizing radiation is present in addition to chemical agents. Discussion - Conclusion: This study quantified a significant number of employees exposed to respiratory carcinogens in France, particularly in certain sectors and occupational groups. A better understanding of the protective measures in place in these sectors and occupations is necessary to ensure adequate prevention against these carcinogenic risks.