Studies show that unemployed people are in poorer health than those who are employed. For people aged 40–55, this midlife stage is when signs of declining health begin to emerge. As part of an action research project, a team of researchers conducted 100 interviews with unemployed individuals facing health issues. They developed a typology of the consequences of unemployment or precarious or at-risk employment on the health of those affected. The findings indicate, in particular, that unemployment—especially long-term unemployment—deteriorates health. This action research provides practical strategies for improving workplace health and restoring self-esteem, including through “peer support,” which has proven effective in group workshops. Mutual aid and support through the exchange of experiences promote the adoption of healthy lifestyles during unemployment, job search strategies, and the development of professional and personal plans. The exchange of practical knowledge among peers helps build their capacity to take action.