Objective: The National Institute for Prevention and Health Education, the National Institute for Research and Safety, and the Society of Occupational Medicine of Western Île-de-France undertook a study on the involvement of occupational physicians in the field of addiction. Methodology: This is a telephone survey of 750 occupational physicians randomly selected from the Cegedim database, based on a stratified representative sample of 150 physicians per practice setting. Results: Occupational physicians are involved in addiction prevention, but this is secondary to their other occupational health priorities. Alcohol-related issues are those they most frequently encounter. They appear to have a good understanding of their employees without, however, systematically updating the medical record. Screening tests are rarely used, and they are cautious about the use of biological screening tests. They frequently involve the general practitioner in the management of alcohol and drug problems (other than cannabis); nearly half report working with at least one type of network specializing in addiction medicine. Discussion: Occupational physicians’ practices would benefit from more systematic updating of patients’ medical records, better use of screening tests, and greater familiarity with brief interventions. Training in addiction medicine appears to support physicians’ sense of efficacy. [author’s abstract]