In France, two data sources—mandatory reporting and the EPIBAC hospital laboratory network—make it possible to track trends in the incidence of bacterial meningitis (BM) and to determine the relative frequency of the causative bacteria. In 1999, more than 1,000 cases of BM were reported in France. The most frequently isolated microorganisms were pneumococcus (46%), meningococcus (32%), and group B streptococcus (11%). Listeria and H. influenzae accounted for 6% and 5% of cases, respectively. The incidence per 100,000 inhabitants in 1999 of pneumococcal meningitis (0.81), group B streptococcal meningitis (0.19), and tuberculous meningitis (0.17) had remained stable since 1992. The incidence of meningococcal meningitis (0.58) has increased since 1995. The incidence of Listeria meningitis (0.10) and H. influenzae meningitis (0.08) has declined steadily since 1992. The impact of preventive measures against H. influenzae type B and Listeria meningitis has been clearly demonstrated by the decrease in the incidence of meningitis associated with these bacteria. (R.A.)