The epidemiology of certain viral diseases has undergone significant changes in Southeast Asia (SEA) and Oceania over the past few decades. These changes are due to several factors: the geographical expansion of the ranges of vectors and the arboviruses they transmit, increased movement of people and trade, and growing demographic and ecological pressures. A review of the current knowledge, based on referenced articles and epidemiological data, was conducted. The review was limited to viruses that are potentially emerging in the SEA and Pacific regions and for which human cases have been reported. Dengue, chikungunya, and Japanese encephalitis viruses are circulating with increasing intensity each year in the region. Ross River and Barmah viruses are causing outbreaks with increasing regularity and intensity in Australia. The Nipah virus regularly causes limited but highly fatal outbreaks in the ASE, with mortality rates varying depending on the described forms. Finally, infections caused by lyssaviruses or the Kunjin, Murray Valley, and Zika viruses were also reviewed. (R.A.)