Introduction - The third edition of the study "Representative National Sample of People with Diabetes" (Entred 3), conducted in 2019, aims to describe the characteristics of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) or type 1 diabetes (T1D) and their health status. This article presents the initial self-reported results from individuals residing in mainland France. Methods - A sample of 9,072 individuals (aged ≥ 18 years) receiving pharmacological treatment for diabetes was randomly selected from the health insurance databases (general scheme and social security for the self-employed). These individuals were invited to complete a self-administered questionnaire. Data from the National Health Data System were extracted for the entire sample. Weighted estimates were calculated, taking into account the sampling design and non-response bias. Results - The study population included 8,728 individuals, of whom 3,166 (36.3%) responded to the questionnaire. Among them, 2,714 were identified as having T2D, with a mean age of 67.6 years (an increase of 2 years compared to 2007); 55.3% were men (unchanged from 2007), with a median duration of diabetes of 10.7 years. And 412 people were identified as having T1D, with a mean age of 47 years; 57% were men, and 55.6% had had diabetes for ≥20 years. The socioeconomic status of people with T1D was more favorable than that of people with T2D. Risk factors for complications were common among people with T2D (overweight/obesity (80.1%), treated hypertension (77.6%), treated dyslipidemia (63.8%), smoking (13.4%), and high or heavy alcohol consumption (7%)). These risk factors were also common among people with T1D, particularly overweight/obesity (49.9%), alcohol consumption (11.3%), and smoking (25.3%). Macrovascular complications were more frequently self-reported among people with T2D: coronary complications (18.6%), stroke (7.8%). These proportions were 11.5% and 3.3%, respectively, for people with T1D. Microvascular complications were more frequently reported by people with T1D: vision loss in one eye (3.7%), active or previous plantar neuropathy (12.9%). These proportions were 3.2% and 6.7%, respectively, among people with T2D. Conclusion - These initial results from Entred 3 provide an overview of the characteristics and health status of the diabetic population in France. They confirm that demographic and socioeconomic characteristics vary greatly between T1D and T2D. The slight decrease observed, compared to 2007, in the frequency of complications self-reported by people with T2D and the high frequency of microvascular complications self-reported by people with T1D will need to be confirmed by in-depth studies, particularly focusing on information collected from physicians. Certain warnings already issued in previous editions can be reiterated: obesity and smoking among people with T2D remain at a very high level. This level is also very high among people with T1D, who additionally exhibit a high frequency of alcohol consumption.